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          USB之控制传输包
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        <h2 id="1-控制传输"><a href="#1-控制传输" class="headerlink" title="1. 控制传输"></a>1. 控制传输</h2><p>​    控制传输是USB的四种传输类型中最重要的一种，因此这边单独拿出来讲解。内容基本都来自于CSDN上博主：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://hellocode.blog.csdn.net/%EF%BC%8C%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E8%BE%B9%E9%9D%9E%E5%B8%B8%E6%84%9F%E8%B0%A2%E4%BB%96%E3%80%82">https://hellocode.blog.csdn.net/，在这边非常感谢他。</a></p>
<p>​    控制传输有三个过程：建立过程(需要1个setup事务)，</p>
<p>​                                          数据过程(需要0个或者多个in/out事务)，</p>
<p>​                                          状态过程(需要1个in/out事务)。</p>
<h2 id="2-建立过程的包"><a href="#2-建立过程的包" class="headerlink" title="2. 建立过程的包"></a>2. 建立过程的包</h2><p>​    建立过程由1个setup事务组成，而事务由令牌包Token packet、数据包Data packet、握手包Handshack packet组成(注意一个例外：同步传输是只有2个包，没有握手包)。</p>
<p><img src="https://xdl-blog-picture.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com/img/20210125212815445.png"></p>
<h3 id="2-1-setup事务的令牌包"><a href="#2-1-setup事务的令牌包" class="headerlink" title="2.1 setup事务的令牌包"></a>2.1 setup事务的令牌包</h3><img src="https://xdl-blog-picture.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com/img/20210125213211378.png" style="zoom:67%;">

<p>​    </p>
<p>​    从上图可以知道SETUP PID为1101B，则补码校验为0010，在链路上传输先低后高则为,1011_0100（0xB4）,下图为SETUP包的链路波形图。</p>
<img src="https://xdl-blog-picture.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com/img/20210125214056780.png" style="zoom:80%;">

<h3 id="2-2-setup事务的数据包"><a href="#2-2-setup事务的数据包" class="headerlink" title="2.2 setup事务的数据包"></a>2.2 setup事务的数据包</h3><img src="https://xdl-blog-picture.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com/img/20210125214802687.png" style="zoom:70%;">

<p>​    setup事务的数据包就是DATA0数据包里面的8个字节的数据Data，包含主机的很多设置信息（数据传输方向、数据类型、目标类型、附加数据、数据阶段传输的数据长度等等。<strong>这8字节的数据包是主机用来发送建立过程中的请求命令的，而这些请求命令是主机配置USB设备的关键</strong>。这里就来详细分析这8字节请求命令的结构和内容。</p>
<p>​    <strong>说明：</strong>这些USB设备请求命令都是主机通过缺省的控制管道利用控制传输来发送的。在USB1.1中，这样的命令共有11个，它们的大小多是8字节，都具有相同的数据格式。</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th><strong>偏移量</strong></th>
<th><strong>请求</strong></th>
<th><strong>大小</strong></th>
<th><strong>意义</strong></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td>0</td>
<td>bmRequestType</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>请求命令类型。每一位代表一定的意义。<br>D7，选择数据传输方向，0 = 主机到设备（即输出OUT），1 = 设备到主机（即输入IN）。<br>D6D5，命令的类型<br>00 = 标准请求命令<br>01 = 类请求命令<br>10 = 用户定义的请求命令<br>11 = 保留<br>D4-D0，命令的接收者类型<br>00000 = 接收者为设备<br>00001 = 接收者为接口<br>00010 = 接收者为端点<br>00011 = 其他接收者<br>其他值保留。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>bRequest</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>请求命令代码。<br>在标准的USB请求命令中，USB为每一个命令定义了编号，即为此段的值。<br>0 = GET_STATUS<br>1 = CLEAR_FEATURE<br>3 = SET_FEATURE<br>5 = SET_ADDRESS<br>6 = GET_DESCRIPTOR<br>7 = SET_DESCRIPTOR<br>8 = GET_CONFIGURATION<br>9 = SET_CONFIGURATION<br>10 = GET_INTERFACE<br>11 = SET_INTERFACE<br>12 = SYNCH_FRAME</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2</td>
<td>wValue</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>命令信息。<br>每一种请求命令都可以自行来定义这个字段的内容。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>4</td>
<td>wIndex</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>索引信息。<br> 命令也可以自定义该字段的内容，但一般该字段的内容为索引值或偏移值。 当传输一个端点的索引值时： <br>第一字节 D7，方向位，0 = 输出OUT端点，1 = 输入IN端点 <br>D3-D0，端点号 <br>其他位即第二字节为保留值0。<br><br>当传输一个接口的索引值时：<br>第一字节<br>D7~D0，接口编号（可以在接口描述符中得到）<br>第二字节为保留值0。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>6</td>
<td>wLength</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>传输的数据大小。<br>该字段表示在控制传输的“可选数据步骤”中要传输的数据大小。<br>当数据发送方向是主机到设备时，字段值便是实际的数据大小；<br>当数据发送方向是设备到主机时，字段值是设备能够发送的最大数据包的大小<br>当然，设备实际发送的数据可以比wLength的值小。</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<h3 id="2-3-setup事务的握手包"><a href="#2-3-setup事务的握手包" class="headerlink" title="2.3 setup事务的握手包"></a>2.3 setup事务的握手包</h3><img src="https://xdl-blog-picture.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com/img/2021012522323414.png" style="zoom:55%;">

<h2 id="3-数据过程的包"><a href="#3-数据过程的包" class="headerlink" title="3. 数据过程的包"></a>3. 数据过程的包</h2><p>​    数据过程由0个或者多个in/out事务组成。</p>
<p><img src="https://xdl-blog-picture.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com/img/20210125224201877.png"></p>
<p>​    上图这个例子是第一阶段指定读（传输方向为设备到主机），则数据过程会由连续的多个IN事务组成，上图中第二阶段就是指的数据过程的意思，图中数据过程有3个in事务。</p>
<h2 id="4-状态过程的包"><a href="#4-状态过程的包" class="headerlink" title="4.状态过程的包"></a>4.状态过程的包</h2><p>​    状态过程由1个OUT/IN事务组成。</p>
<img src="https://xdl-blog-picture.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com/img/20210125230739431.png" style="zoom:80%;">

<p>​    如果图中第二阶段指定数据传输方向为设备到主机，则主机接收完毕数据后，主机请求一个OUT事务告诉设备数据的接收状态。</p>
<p>​    如果第二阶段指定数据传输方向为主机到设备，则主机发送完毕数据后，<strong>主机请求一个IN事务</strong>请求设备数据接收状态，如下图所示。</p>
<img src="https://xdl-blog-picture.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com/img/20210125231342919.png" style="zoom:80%;">
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